Lalacewar marufi musamman sun haɗa da nakasar gubar, koma bayan tushe, warpage, ɓarnar guntu, ɓarna, ɓoyayyiya, marufi marasa daidaituwa, burrs, barbashi na ƙasashen waje da rashin cikakkiyar warkewa, da sauransu.
1. Nakasar gubar
Lalacewar gubar yawanci tana nufin ƙaurawar gubar ko nakasar da aka yi a lokacin kwararar filastik sealant, wanda yawanci ana bayyana shi ta hanyar rabo x/L tsakanin matsakaicin matsayar gubar ta gefe x da tsayin gubar L. Lankwasawa da gubar na iya haifar da guntun lantarki (musamman). a cikin manyan fakitin na'urar I/O).Wani lokaci matsalolin da ake samu ta hanyar lankwasawa na iya haifar da tsagewar wurin haɗin gwiwa ko rage ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa.
Abubuwan da ke shafar haɗin gubar sun haɗa da ƙirar fakiti, shimfidar jagora, kayan gubar da girman, gyare-gyaren kayan filastik, tsarin haɗa gubar, da tsarin marufi.Siffofin jagora waɗanda ke shafar karkatar da gubar sun haɗa da diamita na gubar, tsayin gubar, nauyin karya gubar da yawan gubar, da sauransu.
2. Base diyya
Base diyya na nufin nakasawa da diyya na mai ɗaukar kaya (guntu tushe) wanda ke goyan bayan guntu.
Abubuwan da ke shafar motsin tushe sun haɗa da kwararar fili na gyare-gyare, ƙirar haɗin ginin jagorar, da kaddarorin kayan fili da firam ɗin jagora.Fakitin irin su TSOP da TQFP suna da saukin kamuwa da sauyin tushe da nakasar fil saboda bakin ciki firam ɗin gubar.
3. Warpage
Warpage shine lanƙwasawa da nakasar na'urar fakitin da ba ta cikin jirgin.Warpage lalacewa ta hanyar gyare-gyaren tsari na iya haifar da adadin dogara al'amurran da suka shafi kamar delamination da guntu fatattaka.
Warpage kuma na iya haifar da matsaloli masu yawa na masana'antu, kamar a cikin na'urorin grid ball array (PBGA), inda warpage na iya haifar da ƙarancin solder ball coplanarity, haifar da matsalolin jeri yayin reflow na na'urar don haɗuwa zuwa allon da'ira da aka buga.
Tsarin Warpage sun haɗa da nau'ikan samfuran guda uku: ciki yana haɗuwa, a waje na haɗuwa kuma a haɗe.A cikin kamfanonin semiconductor, wani lokacin ana kiran concave a matsayin "fuskar murmushi" da kuma convex a matsayin "fuskar kuka".Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da shafi sun haɗa da rashin daidaituwa na CTE da raguwar magani/matsi.Na karshen bai sami kulawa sosai ba da farko, amma bincike mai zurfi ya nuna cewa raguwar sinadarai na fili na gyare-gyaren kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yakin na'urar IC, musamman a cikin fakiti masu kauri daban-daban a sama da kasa na guntu.
A lokacin aikin warkewa da bayan warkewa, fili na gyare-gyaren zai sami raguwar sinadarai a babban zafin jiki, wanda ake kira "shrinkage thermochemical".Za'a iya rage raguwar sinadarai da ke faruwa a lokacin warkewa ta hanyar ƙara yawan zafin jiki na gilashin da kuma rage canjin haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar thermal a kusa da Tg.
Har ila yau, ana iya haifar da shafi ta hanyar abubuwa kamar abubuwan da ke tattare da gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, damshi a cikin mahallin gyare-gyaren, da ma'aunin lissafi na kunshin.Ta hanyar sarrafa kayan gyare-gyaren da abun da ke ciki, sigogin tsari, tsarin kunshin da yanayin da aka riga aka yi, za a iya rage girman shafi na fakitin.A wasu lokuta, ana iya rama shafi ta hanyar haɗa gefen baya na taron lantarki.Misali, idan haɗin waje na babban allon yumbu ko allon multilayer suna gefe ɗaya, sanya su a gefen baya na iya rage wargin.
4. Karyewar guntu
Matsalolin da aka haifar a cikin tsarin marufi na iya haifar da fashewar guntu.Tsarin marufi yawanci yana ƙara ƙarar ƙararrakin da aka kafa a cikin tsarin taro na baya.Wafer ko guntu ɓacin rai, niƙa ta baya, da haɗin guntu duk matakai ne waɗanda zasu iya haifar da tsiro.
Fasasshen guntu, wanda ya gaza na inji ba lallai ba ne ya haifar da gazawar lantarki.Ko fashewar guntu zai haifar da gazawar wutar lantarki nan take na na'urar shima ya dogara da hanyar girma.Misali, idan tsagewar ta bayyana a gefen baya na guntu, maiyuwa baya shafar kowane tsari mai mahimmanci.
Saboda wafern silicon ɗin bakin ciki ne kuma maras ƙarfi, marufi-matakin wafer ya fi sauƙi ga fashewar guntu.Don haka, sigogin tsari kamar matsa lamba da gyare-gyaren canjin canji a cikin tsarin gyare-gyaren canja wuri dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don hana fashewar guntu.Fakitin 3D masu tarin yawa suna da saurin fashewar guntu saboda tsarin tarawa.Abubuwan ƙira da ke shafar fashewar guntu a cikin fakitin 3D sun haɗa da tsarin tarin guntu, kauri mai kauri, ƙarar gyare-gyare da kauri na hannun riga, da sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-15-2023