Takaitacciyar oscillator crystal
Crystal oscillator yana nufin yanke wafer daga ma'adini crystal bisa ga wani azimuth Angle, ma'adini crystal resonator, ake magana a kai a matsayin ma'adini crystal ko crystal oscillator;Sigar crystal tare da IC da aka ƙara a cikin kunshin ana kiranta oscillator crystal.Samfuran sa gabaɗaya ana tattara su a cikin akwati na ƙarfe, amma kuma a cikin gilashin gilashi, yumbu ko filastik.
Ka'idar aiki na crystal oscillator
Ma'adini crystal oscillator na'urar resonant ce da aka yi da tasirin piezoelectric na ma'adini crystal.Ainihin abun da ke ciki shine kamar haka: Daga kristal ma'adini bisa ga wani yanki na azimuth, wanda aka lullube shi da Layer na azurfa a saman samansa guda biyu masu dacewa kamar na'urorin lantarki, wanda aka saƙa wayar gubar akan kowace na'urar lantarki ana haɗa shi da fil, haɗe tare da kunshin harsashi. ma'adini crystal resonator, ake magana a kai da ma'adini crystal ko crystal, crystal vibration.Samfuran sa gabaɗaya ana tattara su a cikin akwati na ƙarfe, amma kuma a cikin gilashin gilashi, yumbu ko filastik.
Idan an yi amfani da filin lantarki akan na'urorin lantarki guda biyu na kristal ma'adini, guntu yana lalacewa ta hanyar injiniya.Akasin haka, idan aka yi amfani da matsi na inji a ɓangarorin biyu na guntu, za a samar da filin lantarki a daidai hanyar guntu.Wannan abu na zahiri ana kiransa tasirin piezoelectric.Idan aka yi amfani da musaya na wutan lantarki a sandunan guntu guda biyu, guntu za ta haifar da girgizar injina, wanda hakan zai haifar da musayar wutar lantarki.
Gabaɗaya, girman girgizar injin na'urar guntu da girman madannin wutar lantarki kaɗan ne, amma lokacin da mitar wutar lantarkin da ake amfani da ita ke da takamaiman ƙima, girman girman yana ƙaruwa sosai, fiye da na sauran mitoci. , wannan sabon abu ana kiransa piezoelectric resonance, wanda yayi kama da sautin da'irar LC.Mitar sa mai resonant yana da alaƙa da yanayin yanke, lissafi da girman guntu.
Lokacin da kristal ba ya girgiza, ana iya ɗaukarsa azaman capacitor mai lebur da ake kira electrostatic capacitance C, kuma girmansa yana da alaƙa da girman guntu da yanki na lantarki, gabaɗaya game da 'yan hanyar fata zuwa yawancin hanyar fata. .Lokacin da crystal oscillates, da inertia na inji vibration ne daidai da inductance L. Gabaɗaya, L dabi'u daga dubun zuwa daruruwan digiri.Ƙimar guntu na iya zama daidai da capacitance C, wanda yake da ƙananan ƙananan, yawanci kawai 0.0002 ~ 0.1 picograms.Asarar da gogayya ta haifar yayin girgizar wafer yayi daidai da R, wanda ke da ƙimar kusan 100 ohms.Saboda daidaitaccen inductance na guntu yana da girma, kuma C yana da ƙananan ƙananan, R kuma ƙarami ne, don haka ingancin factor Q na kewaye yana da girma sosai, har zuwa 1000 ~ 10000. Bugu da ƙari, mitar resonant na guntu kanta. yana da alaƙa kawai da yanayin yanke, lissafi da girman guntu, kuma ana iya yin shi daidai, don haka da'irar oscillator da ta ƙunshi resonators na ma'adini na iya samun kwanciyar hankali mai girma.
Kwamfuta suna da da'ira na lokaci, kuma ko da yake ana amfani da kalmar “agogo” don komawa ga waɗannan na'urori, a zahiri ba agogo ba ne kamar yadda aka saba.Wataƙila za a fi kiran su masu lokaci.Mai ƙidayar lokaci na kwamfuta yawanci ƙira ce ta mashin ɗin mashin ɗin da aka yi daidai da mashin ɗin da ke jujjuyawa cikin iyakar tashin hankali a mitar da ta dogara da yadda crystal kanta yake yanke da kuma yawan tashin hankali.Akwai rajista guda biyu masu alaƙa da kowane crystal ma'adini, counter da kuma rijistar riko.Kowane oscillation na ma'adini crystal yana rage counter da daya.Lokacin da mai ƙididdigewa ya ragu zuwa 0, ana haifar da katsewa kuma ma'aunin yana sake loda ƙimar farko daga rijistar riƙo.Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar tsara mai ƙidayar lokaci don samar da katsewa 60 a cikin daƙiƙa guda (ko a kowane mitar da ake so).Kowane katsewa ana kiran sa alamar agogo.
A cikin sharuddan lantarki, crystal oscillator zai iya zama daidai da cibiyar sadarwa ta tasha biyu na capacitor da resistor a layi daya da capacitor a cikin jerin.A cikin injiniyoyin lantarki, wannan hanyar sadarwa tana da maki biyu na resonance, waɗanda aka raba zuwa babba da ƙananan mitoci.Ƙarƙashin mitar ƙararrawa ce jerin resonance, kuma mafi girman mitar yana daidai da rawa.Saboda halaye na crystal kanta, nisa tsakanin mitoci biyu yana kusa.A cikin wannan kunkuntar mitar mitar, kristal oscillator yana daidai da inductor, don haka idan dai an haɗa ƙarshen oscillator na kristal guda biyu a layi daya tare da capacitors masu dacewa, zai samar da da'irar resonance mai kama da juna.Za'a iya ƙara wannan da'irar resonant mai kama da ita zuwa da'irar ra'ayi mara kyau don samar da da'irar oscillation na sinusoidal.Saboda mitar oscillator na kristal daidai da inductance yana da kunkuntar sosai, mitar wannan oscillator ba zai canza da yawa ba ko da sigogin sauran abubuwan sun bambanta sosai.
Crystal oscillator yana da ma'auni mai mahimmanci, wato ƙimar capacitance load, zaɓi madaidaicin capacitance daidai da ƙimar capacitance nauyi, zai iya samun mitar resonance na ƙima na crystal oscillator.General vibration crystal oscillation da'irar ne a gaban iyakar wani inverting amplifier da alaka da lu'ulu'u ne biyu capacitance sami iyakar da lu'ulu'u, bi da bi kowane capacitance a daya gefen na karba, da damar na biyu capacitors a jerin darajar ya zama daidai. zuwa ga ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi, da fatan za a kula da madaidaicin IC fil suna da daidaitaccen ƙarfin shigarwa, wannan ba za a iya watsi da shi ba.Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin nauyin kristal oscillator shine fata 15 ko 12.5.Idan aka yi la'akari da daidaitaccen ƙarfin shigar da abubuwan fitilun sassa, da'irar oscillation na crystal oscillator wanda ya ƙunshi capacitors 22 na fata shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-20-2021